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High-Efficiency Low-Voltage DC-DC Conversion for Portable-- UC Berkeley 博士論文 |
High-Efficiency Low-Voltage DC-DC Conversion for Portable-- UC Berkeley 博士論文
若有版權問題時 請版主刪除 因為字數有限制 所以刪掉一些 contents 附件 有 2MB/245P 內容如下: Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ....................................................................................................1 1.1 Motivation.....................................................................................................................1 1.2 The Challenge of Lower-Voltage DC-DC Conversion ..................................................3 1.2.1 Low-Voltage and High-Current.................................................................................................4 1.2.2 Low-Voltage and Low-Current .................................................................................................5 1.3 Research Goals and Contributions.................................................................................7 1.4 Thesis Organization .......................................................................................................8 Chapter 2: DC-DC Conversion as a Low-Power Enabler ...........................................10 2.1 Voltage Scaling for Low-Power...................................................................................11 2.1.1 Multiple Supply Voltages ........................................................................................................13 2.1.2 Architectural Voltage Scaling..................................................................................................14 2.1.3 Voltage Scaling with Vt Reduction .........................................................................................17 2.1.4 Discussion ...............................................................................................................................18 2.2 Dynamic Voltage Scaling for Energy-Efficient GPP...................................................18 2.2.1 Typical Processor Usage .........................................................................................................19 2.2.1.1 Sleep Mode ............................................................................................................20 2.2.1.2 Slow Clocks ...........................................................................................................21 2.2.2 Dynamic Voltage Scaling ........................................................................................................22 2.2.3 Discussion ...............................................................................................................................24 2.3 Low-Swing Interconnect..............................................................................................25 2.3.1 Discussion ...............................................................................................................................27 2.4 Voltage Regulation Enhances Battery Run-Time ........................................................28 2.4.1 A Piecewise Linear Model to a Low-Rate Battery Discharge Curve......................................30 2.4.2 Models for Battery Loading Conditions..................................................................................32 2.4.3 Case Study: An Analog Load with Supply-independent Biasing ...........................................33 2.4.3.1 Run directly from the cell ......................................................................................34 2.4.3.2 Run through a linear regulator ...............................................................................34 2.4.3.3 Run through a switching regulator.........................................................................34 2.4.4 Case Study: A Throughput-constrained Digital CMOS Load.................................................35 2.4.4.1 Run directly from cell ............................................................................................35 2.4.4.2 Run through a linear regulator ...............................................................................35 2.4.4.3 Run through a switching regulator.........................................................................36 2.4.5 Results .................................................................................................................. ...................36 2.4.6 Converter Size vs. Extra Battery Size .................................................................................... .39 Chapter 3: DC-DC Converter Fundamentals ...............................................................42 Chapter 4: DC-DC Design Techniques for Portable Applications..............................79 Chapter 5: Design Considerations for Dynamic DC-DC Converters .......................124 Chapter 6: Prototype DC-DC Converters ...................................................................147 Chapter 7: Conclusions .................................................................................................228 References......................................................................................................................231
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